解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Longitudinal electron-microscopic and morphometric studies of autonomic nerves containing predominantly parasympathetic fibers were undertaken in the spontaneously diabetic BB rat. Unmyelinated fibers of the diabetic vagus nerve and myelinated fibers of the penile nerve showed increased numbers of axonal glycogenosome...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.7.733
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the production of antibodies against insulin in a genetically well-defined population. In the first study, 124 young patients with type I diabetes for longer than 6 mo were included. Anti-insulin antibodies were detected by polyethyleneglycol (PEG) precipitation after incubation of acidified, charcoal-str...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.6.634
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have produced a monoclonal antibody 3A4 to the surface of islet cells by fusing spleen lymphocytes from nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. To identify the molecular weight of specific target antigens reacting with 3A4, 125I-surface-labeled In-111 insulinoma cells were solubilized and extracts were absorbed with 3A4, and...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.5.517
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently reported that insulin inhibits basal and cortisone- and T3-stimulated GH secretion by GH3 rat pituitary tumor cells. The effects of purified semisynthetic human insulin were therefore tested on long-term GH secretion in normal pituitary cells. Primary monolayer cultures derived from male rat pituitaries we...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.4.440
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid conversion of glucose to sorbitol by aldose reductase and the consequent hyperosmolarity of the cytoplasm has been shown to be the primary cause of the so-called "sugar" or "osmotic" cataract in many animal lenses. It is not as clear, however, that hyperosmolarity is the principal factor in the etiology of c...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.4.426
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A monoclonal islet cell antibody, HISL-19, reactive with human, bovine, and porcine pancreatic islets has been used to identify and characterize a novel group of islet cell proteins (p120, p69, p67, and p56). Besides the islets, HISL-19-reactive antigenic determinants are also expressed on selected cell types, namely,...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.3.300
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circulating insulin autoantibodies (INSAAb) were measured in discordant monozygotic twins, first-degree relatives, and other groups at "high risk" for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and these results correlated with both islet cell antibody (ICAb) status and beta cell function. INSAAb w...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.2.139
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred fifty-four selected patients with nonketotic diabetes diagnosed between the ages of 35 and 75 yr and treated with diet or oral hypoglycemic agents for at least 1 yr were investigated for parameters of glycemic control (weight loss, blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin), islet cell function (fasting a...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.2.237
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kinetic studies were carried out on liver glycogen synthase and phosphorylase isolated from genetically diabetic db/db mice. Glycogen synthase a and b enzymes from diabetic mice had Vmax values 30% and 20% lower, respectively, than the enzymes from normal mice. Glycogen synthase b from diabetic mice also had a 30% low...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.2.210
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tolbutamide (1 g/kg body wt) was administered to male rats for 3 days to determine the effects of this pretreatment on subsequent insulin biosynthesis and compartmental storage characteristics of freshly isolated islets. Islets were isolated 16 h after the last tolbutamide administration, at a time when fed plasma glu...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.1.6
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was performed to assess the potential relationship between the low T3 syndrome and hypothyroidism. Comparative studies were performed on the relative effects of diabetes and insulin on heparin-releasable adipose lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in the intact and hypothyroid rat. Hypothyroidism for 10 days (T...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.12.1266
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult, male ICR Swiss mice are susceptible to the diabetogenic effects of the D-variant of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMC-D) in contrast to adult C3H/HeJ male mice, which are relatively resistant. To date, experimental evidence suggests that the immune system plays a role in the pathogenesis of this infection. We hav...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.12.1217
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have attempted to define the nature of insulin secretory defect(s) in aged animals. In these studies, pancreatic islets were isolated from 2- and 18-mo-old Fischer 344 rats. Margination of secretion vesicles during exocytosis was assessed by measuring the recruitment of somatostatin (SRIF) receptors to the surface ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.11.1168
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To explore metabolic changes associated with the sorbitol accumulation and myo-inositol depletion observed in glomeruli of rats with experimental diabetes, we examined total and ouabain-inhibited adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity in glomeruli isolated from control and streptozocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. Glomeru...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.11.1071
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the effects of gestational hyperglycemia on glucose metabolism and its regulation in the fasted rat during the early postnatal period, unrestrained rats were continuously infused with glucose during the last week of pregnancy. Control rats were infused with distilled water. Newborns were studied during the...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.10.995
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A significant increase in CO2 production, reflecting carbohydrate oxidation and/or fat synthesis, is observed in normal subjects after the ingestion of glucose. The anatomic site(s) of this CO2 production has not yet been localized, although liver and muscle are logical considerations. To assess the contribution of sk...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.10.960
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reduction in blood glucose in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) brought about by the use of phenobarbital (PB), a hepatic microsomal enzyme inducer, suggests an improvement in insulin sensitivity. The effect of PB on insulin-mediated glucose metabolism was hence investigated using the euglycemic clam...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.9.911
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term insulin secretion was investigated in seven biohybrid capillary devices seeded with canine islets. Approximately 50,000 islets could be isolated from a single canine pancreas using collagenase digestion in conjunction with the recently described Velcro technique. Devices were perfused with tissue culture med...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.9.850
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma and urine fibrinopeptide-A (FPA) levels were investigated in type I and II diabetic patients. Plasma FPA and 24-h urinary excretion of FPA were significantly elevated in diabetic patients compared with normal volunteers, indicating augmented thrombin activity in diabetes. Plasma and urine FPA did not differ bet...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.9.836
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two previously described pedigrees with familial hyperproinsulinemia have elevated proinsulin conversion intermediates resulting from amino acid substitutions in the proinsulin molecule. In contrast, a third family with elevated levels of an apparently normal proinsulin molecule may have a defect in the converting pro...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.8.821
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major goal of the study was to assess the methodologies available for the quantification of retinal lesions suitable for application in trials of metabolic management. We describe the methods used for grading stereoscopic color fundus photographs. Overall retinopathy severity level for each eye ranging from normal (...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.3.s42
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clearing of monoclonal and polyclonal and anti-insulin antibodies from homogeneous solutions at 100,000 X g was used to estimate the size of soluble insulin-antibody complexes at physiologic concentrations. Monoclonal antibodies cleared as a uniform population of 6.6 S independent of the insulin concentration. Pol...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.8.799
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue sensitivity to insulin was studied using the euglycemic insulin clamp technique (delta plasma insulin above basal 90 microU/ml) in eight patients with type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before and after 4-8 mo of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and in 36 age-matched control subjects. Institution of...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.3.s80
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monolayer cultures of islet B-cells were established from neonatal rat pancreas. Serum-free media conditioned by these cultures for 72 h were concentrated and fractionated on Sephadex G-50 at acid pH into a high-molecular-weight pool containing binding protein for insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and a low-molecular...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.7.696
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonhuman primate models of gestational diabetes have produced fetopathies most similar to those of the human infant of the mother with gestational diabetes (IGDM). Fetal hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, macrosomia, selective organomegaly, intrauterine death, and placental hyperplasia are hallmarks of the fetopathy of ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.2.s36
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal rats injected with streptozocin (STZ, 100 mg/kg) at birth exhibited an acute diabetes followed by a spontaneous remission. We have previously shown that this recovery from neonatal diabetes is due to B-cell regeneration and reaccumulation of pancreatic insulin stores starting from 3 to 5 days after birth. The...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.6.574
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hormonal responses to low-level exercise in pregnancy have been studied in 13 insulin-requiring diabetic patients and 42 control subjects. We found no significant changes in plasma glucose, epinephrine, glucagon, or FFA with this level of exercise in the study group and control subjects; but plasma norepinephrine ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.2.s78
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have biochemically treated (periodate, borohydride, neuraminidase, organic solvents) frozen sections of human pancreas and studied the reactivity of islet-cell-antibody-positive human sera and monoclonal antibodies. The autoantigen of pancreatic sections has the properties of sialic acid containing glycolipid. ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.6.617
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin E content and biosynthesis of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) have been measured in platelets from type I diabetic subjects and age- and sex-matched, nondiabetic control subjects. Platelets from diabetic subjects synthesized significantly greater quantities of 12-HETE than did platelets from control ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.6.526
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A polymorphic region 5' to the human insulin gene has been associated with diabetes in earlier studies. This polymorphic region is composed of tandem repeats that fall into 3 general size classes, designated class 1 (600 base pairs), class 2 (1300 base pairs), and class 3 (2500 base pairs). Frequencies of these classe...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.5.433
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of isolated, perifused rat islets with exogenous PLA2 in amounts ranging from 1 to 1000 mU/ml caused a dose-dependent increase in the rate of insulin secretion. This effect of PLA2 was rapid and seen in the absence of added exogenous fuel. It differed from glucose-induced insulin release in temporal pattern:...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.5.471
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The experiments reported here investigate the effects of two conditions of elevated lactogen activity on the threshold of glucose stimulation of insulin secretion and suprathreshold, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the isolated, perfused rat pancreas. In both the tumor-bearing animals and pregnant animals, the...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.4.337
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased glomerular filtration rate and kidney size early in the course of experimental and human diabetes may be important in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Factors causing these renal functional changes are unknown. The isolated, perfused rat kidney (IPRK) was used to study the effects of elevated glucos...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.4.360
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::These studies of a rat model for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were performed to determine whether hyperglycemia occurs when capacity to synthesize insulin is exceeded. The neonatal streptozocin (STZ)-treated rat has acute hyperglycemia with marked destruction of pancreatic beta-cells, followed by gr...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.3.235
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::RIN-m cells, cultured from a rat insulinoma, not only bind and secrete but also degrade insulin (Diabetes 1982; 31:521-31). The insulin-degrading activity resides in the cytosol and is similar to the insulin-specific proteases previously described in muscle and other tissues. It has an apparent Km of 0.15 microM for p...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.2.121
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dynamic aspects of whole body alanine and glycine metabolism have been explored in insulin-dependent (type I) diabetic subjects. Using a primed, continuous intravenous (i.v.) infusion of [2H3]alanine and [15N]glycine given simultaneously with [1-13C]leucine, whole body alanine and glycine fluxes and their rates of de ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.1.67
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on a 26-yr-old patient with an 11-yr history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who exhibited insulin resistance with a requirement of up to 15,000 U of intravenous (i.v.) insulin/day. Attempts to diminish her insulin requirement by administration of sulfated insulin or Trasylol were unsuccessful, with t...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.12.1133
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transplantation of human fetal pancreas has been suggested as a means of treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes in man. We have obtained human fetal pancreata during the second trimester of pregnancy and transplanted 1-mm3 explants subcutaneously (s.c.) into both diabetic and nondiabetic nude mice, some of the ti...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.12.1180
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To ascertain whether the dawn phenomenon occurs in nondiabetic individuals and, if so, whether it is due to an increase in glucose production or a decrease in glucose utilization, we determined plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and counterregulatory hormones, as well as rates of glucose production,...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.12.1150
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of the isolated, glucose-perfused rat heart to buffer containing 0.4 mM tolbutamide resulted in significant changes in both energy metabolism and myocardial contractility. In the nondiabetic, tolbutamide mediated only small increases in mechanical function at low atrial filling pressure, but this effect incre...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.12.1138
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00